Preserve paradise with your new favorite tropical fruit

Tropical fruits bring a taste of paradise to tables around the world. Celebrated for their nutrients less common in moderate climates, these fruits are some of the first expected to adapt to a changing climate. In regions where land is already scarce, the question arises: will farmers continue to meet the demand for resource-intensive crops, or will consumers shift their preferences? Ultimately, the choice is yours.

In today’s issue:

• Health: Tropical treasures

• History: Conquistadors hard at word

• Industry: Far away from home-grown

• Early Adopters: Fruits from high-yield trees

HEALTH

Tropical treasures

Tropical fruit native to the warm climates of Southeast Asia, South America & the Caribbean have a few health benefits similar to other fruits. However, these fruits have such a rich history with ancient indigenous societies that they were often used as medicine for a variety of ailments:

1. Avocados to regulate blood pressure

2. Bananas to sooth constipation and ulcers

3. Coconuts to replenish electrolytes

4. Dragon Fruit to relieve constipation

5. Guava leaf tea to treat diarrhea

6. Mangos to prevent scurvy

7. Papayas to eliminate intestinal parasites

8. Passion Fruit leaf tea to relieve anxiety and insomnia

9. Pineapples to reduce bloating

With the exception of coconuts & avocados, these tropical fruits are low in calories and fat. Unfortunately, the fats found in coconut are 90% saturated fats, which may negatively impact cholesterol and heart health.

Comparing 100 g of 23 popular fruits, various tropical fruits rank in the top 3 for 10 micronutrients:

In particular, avocados stand out as a nutrient-packed fruit, renowned for their health benefits. Their heart-healthy fats support brain function, improve cardiovascular health and help reduce inflammation, offering protection against a range of diseases—from arthritis to Alzheimer’s.

Tropical fruits are a great source of essential vitamins, minerals and antioxidants often lacking in the American diet. Incorporating a variety of these fruits into your day to day life, can enhance overall health, keeping your body nourished and functioning optimally.

HISTORY

Conquistadors hard at work

The tropical fruits we find in our local grocery stores were grown in various micro-regions across the globe. Cultivated for thousands of years, these fruits have been deeply woven into the cultures and diets of ancient civilizations ranging from the Mayans in the Americas to the Indus Valley in present-day India and Pakistan.

Origins in Southeast Asia:

• Bananas in Papua New Guinea (8,000 BCE)

• Coconuts in Malaysia, Indonesia & the Philippines (2,500 BCE)

• Mangos in India, Myanmar & Bangladesh (2,000 BCE)

Origins in the Americas:

• Avocados in Mexico & Guatemala (5,000 BCE)

• Pineapples in Paraguay, Brazil & Argentina (2,500 BCE)

• Passion Fruit in Paraguay, Brazil & Argentina (2,000 BCE)

• Guavas in Mexico down through Peru & Venezuela (2,000 BCE)

• Papayas in Mexico (1,000 BCE)

We have the Spanish & Portuguese explorers to thank for the globalization of these tropical fruits. In a little over 200 years, all 8 tropical fruits were spread across different continents. During this period, these fruits were modified to improve yields and appeal to a broader market. In 1493, Christopher Columbus introduced pineapples to a non-native habitat, brought from the Americas to Spain and the Philippines. In 1710, the mango was the last fruit to be introduced to a non-native habitat, brought from India to Brazil and Africa via Portuguese trade routes.

INDUSTRY

Far away from home-grown

Tropical fruits are a vital part of the economy for tropical countries. Not only for their widespread use domestically but also as a substantial agricultural export.

The tropical fruits we know and love, are primarily harvested by hand. By avoiding heavy machinery and instead using machetes, shears or cutting poles, farmers can yield a higher quality product with minimal damages.

Bananas and pineapples in particular have a more labor intensive growing cycle than the rest. The current varieties are seedless, which require cloning to continue production. Commercial operations commonly propagate from tissue cultures however this produces a crop that lacks genetic diversity, making them more susceptible to diseases and pests. This video shows exactly how large-scale farmers clone bananas:

Where do we import these fruits from?

The US’s strong global trade network ensures easy access to tropical fruits. While California accounts for 18% of the country’s avocado production, most tropical fruits are imported. To meet demand, 6 countries in the Americas and 4 in Southeast Asia, help satisfy the taste for something tropical.

Tropical Fruit Imports:

1. Avocado:

   • Mexico - 86%

   • Peru - 7%

   • Other - 7%

2. Banana:

   • Guatemala - 43%

   • Ecuador - 17%

   • Coasta Rica - 9%

   • Mexico - 7%

   • Other - 24%

3. Coconut:

   • Philippines - 53%

   • Indonesia - 12%

   • Other - 35%

4. Dragon Fruit:

   • Vietnam - 52%

   • Ecuador - 21%

   • Peru - 5%

   • Other - 22%

5. Guava:

   • Ecuador - 22%

   • Mexico - 14%

   • India - 14%

   • Other - 50%

6. Mango:

   • Mexico - 72%

   • Peru - 14%

   • Other - 14%

7. Papaya:

   • Mexico - 87%

   • Guatemala - 11%

   • Other - 2%

8. Passion Fruit:

   • Vietnam - 36%

   • Mexico - 12%

   • Peru - 7%

   • Other - 45%

9. Pineapple:

   • Coasta Rica - 87%

   • Honduras - 5%

   • Other - 8%

How are these fruits consumed?

With the exception of coconut and guava, tropical fruits are enjoyed fresh, frozen or dried 85% - 95% of the time. When processed, they are primarily turned into juices with a select few canned, or turned into dips or jelly.

Guavas on the other hand, are consumed fresh only 75% of the time, likely due to their tangy flavor, grainy texture and delicate ripeness. Their short shelf life makes them prone to over-ripening during long sea voyages, often turning them to mush. While the US doesn’t import guavas from Jamaica or the Dominican Republic, both countries have a rich tradition of making guava jelly, commonly used in pastries or enjoyed on toast.

Alternatively, fresh coconut is consumed only 35% of the time, primarily due to its versatility in producing 4 popular products:

• Coconut Oil - 33%

• Coconut Milk - 15%

• Coconut Water - 10%

• Coconut Flour - 7%

EARLY ADOPTERS

Early adopters appreciate the diverse flavors found across the planet, especially tropical fruits that:

1. Produce abundant harvests year after year

2. Are rich in micronutrients often lacking in domestic diets

3. Are grown close to the US, reducing transportation emissions

This makes mangos & avocados top choices. With over 80% of their supply coming from nearby Mexico, they are packed with Potassium, Vitamin C & A. These nutrients, derived from high sunlight exposure and nutrient-rich tropical soil, make them a great addition to a variety of diets. They are also long-living trees, producing ~350 pounds of fruit for over 50 years.

To produce 1 lb. of tropical fruit:

Guavas are also sought out by early adopters but for a different reason. They are an incredible source of micronutrients with minimal environmental impact, however their transportation challenges make consuming them fresh difficult. So, the next time you’re someplace tropical, enjoy fresh guava—it’s the perfect reminder to preserve the paradise where these fruits grow.

Early adopters are also swapping out pineapple, for more resilient fruits like passion fruit or dragon fruit. While all 3 fruits share a tangy taste, passion fruit and dragon fruit are better suited to regions expected to be hit hardest from a changing climate. This fluctuating climate will affect fruit yields and quality due to:

1. More frequent hurricanes and tropical storms

2. Rising average temperatures

3. Altered precipitation patterns

4. Increased reliance on pest control

TIGHT 5

• Bananas: Are botanically a berry, just like pumpkins and watermelon.

• Passion Fruit: was named by missionaries after the Passion of Christ.

• Coconuts: can hold 24 oz. of coconut water and float for over a year.

• Costa Rica: produces 40% of the global demand for pineapples.

• Mango: trees can produce over 1,000 mangos each season.

PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT

Thanks for tuning in to learn about small changes that make a big difference. That being said, consider professional advice (not me) when changing your lifestyle.